Category: Problem Solving

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Let’s Mix it Up: A Study Method That Actually Works!

How Interleaving seems harder, but works better.

By: Brailyn Zimmerman

Let me guess… you go to study for a test by rereading the same material, focusing on one subject for hours until it “feels” mastered, or doing the same problems over until you physically can’t, just to get to the exam and realize that all the cramming didn’t work as well as you thought. 

It’s okay, you aren’t alone! Most of us study this way because it’s organized and productive, right? Cognitive psychology research suggests this may be one of the least effective ways to learn. 

That disconnect is exactly why interleaving is such a game-changer. Mixing up different types of problems or topics during the study session instead of focusing on one at a time may feel harder in the moment, but research in cognitive psychology shows it actually leads to better learning and retention in the long run.1

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The Hidden Study Method Your Brain Uses Without You

By: Jayden Crowder

Have you ever seen a term on a test and thought, “I’ve definitely seen this before,” even if you couldn’t fully explain it? That feeling isn’t random, it’s your brain using something called repetition priming. And even though it usually happens automatically, you can actually design your studying around it. Most students think learning only happens when they sit down and focus, but cognitive psychology shows that your brain is constantly learning from repeated exposure, even when you’re not trying. Repetition priming is one of the clearest examples of this.

What Is Repetition Priming?

Repetition priming happens when your brain processes something faster or more easily simply because you’ve seen it before. It doesn’t require conscious effort. In fact, it’s part of what psychologists call implicit memory, which works without you actively trying to remember anything. Research shows that when a stimulus, like a word or concept, is repeated, your brain becomes more efficient at processing it later, even if you don’t consciously remember seeing it before (1). This is why a vocabulary word looks more familiar the second time you see it, or why a concept starts to feel easier after repeated exposure. Your brain isn’t just remembering it’s becoming more efficient.

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Wait… Did That Actually Happen?

How Your Memory Can Be Rewritten and What to Do About It

By: Railynn Brown

Introduction

Have you ever been talking with a friend about something that happened, and suddenly your memory of it starts to change? Maybe you were completely sure about what you saw or learned, but then someone describes it a little differently, and now you’re second-guessing yourself. This actually happened to me during my first year of college when I was studying with a group and realized later that something I “remembered” for the exam was completely wrong.

Picture this: you’re talking with a friend about something that happened last week, and they confidently say, “Remember when that car sped through the stop sign?” You pause. You thought the car just rolled through it, but now you’re not so sure. As it turns out, the way someone describes something after the fact can actually change how you remember it.

In this post, I’m going to break down the misinformation effect and source monitoring errors in a way that actually connects to your experience as a college student. Once you understand how easily your memory can be influenced, it becomes a lot easier to avoid studying the wrong thing and walking into an exam feeling confident only to be disappointed with the results.

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You Think You Understand… But Your Brain Is Guessing: How Top-Down Processing Affects Studying

By: Kayleigh Zerrusen

Introduction

If you were to ask me to travel back to my first semester of college, I would give myself the advice to find a better way to study instead of just looking over notes that I copied and pasted from class. Most students will find themselves spending hours on end looking over notes and reading through textbooks. This tends to lead them to feel unprepared during exams and tests. Students think that this is caused from a lack of effort, but it could be the way your brain is processing information. An important idea from cognitive psychology that explains this issue is top-down processing. This process shows how knowledge that you have been taught previously and other experiences shape the way we comprehend and understand new information. Although top-down processing can be useful, there is also a possibility it can lead to misunderstanding when we study if it is not used the correct way. 

F.1. Although the image is not moving, viewers often perceive spinning motions, showing how the brain uses top-down processing to understand visual information.
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Lightbulb Moment: You Should Use Gestalt Problem Solving!

By Mac Rusk

Getting Started:

The start of your college career! You made it a step further in your educational journey and now begins the real fun. You have most likely faced a number of problems that you have needed to solve along the way. Spoiler alert: You are going to face more! While you step into this new realm, you are undoubtedly going to come across more obstacles. Don’t worry, because I’ll give you some insight (wink wink) into a great way to solve the problems you’re going to come across. This method is called Gestalt problem solving and before you think to yourself what the sigma is that, I’ll tell you. Gestalt problem solving is reorganizing or thinking about the problem in a different way so you are able to come to that “lightbulb” moment you so desperately desire (1). 

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Survival of the Studious

By Makayla Rosenbery

Survival value (also known as adaptive value and connection to survival processing) is understanding memory and how memory is used to survive which leads to survival processing that encodes items into our memory(1)! Survival value leads to enhanced memory by relating words to situations that others have not experienced (the apocalypse!!!) This works because when we relate words to our survival, we are linking to something meaningful that will stick in our minds(2). In cognitive psychology, survival value refers to the adaptive benefit of certain cognitive processes or behaviors that assist one’s survival. 

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Two to Six, Take Your Pick!

By Garrett Spahn

Introduction

A lot of kids will struggle with studying when they first start college. Some kids may have gotten by with their study habits in high school but most of the time, these study habits don’t quite help anyone in college. College is so much different in that there aren’t many small assignments that help you to make sure you understand the material like there were in high school. There are lectures, quizzes, participation, papers, presentations, and exams and that’s pretty much it when it comes to grades in college. For me, I tried to take on high school by myself whenever I could but that will not go will with you for college. I highly encourage any freshmen coming in to immediately start going to some study groups or just collaborating with at least one person that you can count on.

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Using Elaboration as a Cognitive Approach for Helpful Studying

By Emma Sandlin

It is quite difficult to start college. There are several issues that must be resolved, the most important of which being how to comprehend and absorb the content in the best possible way. One of the many worries that accompany beginning college is learning how to use elaboration when studying new material. According to cognitive psychologists, elaboration is a very useful technique for enhancing learning and memory retention (1). Elaboration is the process of bringing new information to life by connecting it to what has already been learned or by creating meaningful connections. Students can improve their comprehension and retain more information by using the elaborative encoding method. Study skills mastery is essential to achieving academic brilliance. Elaboration is shown to be an effective tactic for boosting understanding, fortifying memory retention, and encouraging in-depth learning (1). Elaboration makes study sessions more lively by enticing students to actively interact with the content, draw connections, and develop ideas (2). Students that integrate elaborative processing into their study regimens open the door to an abundance of knowledge that is just waiting to be discovered and comprend (3).

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Beyond The Basics

By Jayden Minton

From a young age we are conditioned to learn new information in creative ways. As we grow older we slowly start to fade and grow out of the ways in which we were taught would help us. The most important information is taught to us while we are young so that we know the basics to build off of for newer and more complex information. Learning information in creative ways that are out of the ordinary tend to stick with us. Why does this not appear more in high school and college?

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Similar Problems Have Similar Solutions

By Alexander Brittain

College students have a huge responsibility in their first year of college. They are expected to achieve academic goals that they set prior to starting the school year. There are many cognitive psychology strategies that can be used to exel in the classroom. By using these strategies you will utilize your time studying and learning in the classes you take. The strategy that I am going to talk about is how to solve problems using analogies. Analogies are used to reach a goal by utilizing past information. Analogies play a key role in problem-solving, decision-making, perception, and more.

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